mirror of
https://github.com/funkypenguin/geek-cookbook/
synced 2025-12-13 01:36:23 +00:00
Add Mastodon review
Signed-off-by: David Young <davidy@funkypenguin.co.nz>
This commit is contained in:
David Young
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
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///Footnotes Go Here///
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### Tip your waiter (sponsor) 👏
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### Tip your reviewer (sponsor) 👏
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Did you receive excellent service? Want to compliment the chef? (_..and support development of current and future recipes!_) Sponsor me on [Github][github_sponsor] / [Patreon][patreon], or see the [contribute](/community/contribute/) page for more (_free or paid)_ ways to say thank you! 👏
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### Employ your chef (engage) 🤝
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### Work with me (engage) 🤝
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Is this too much of a geeky PITA? Do you just want results, stat? [I do this for a living](https://www.funkypenguin.co.nz/about/) - I'm a full-time Kubernetes contractor, providing consulting and engineering expertise to businesses needing short-term, short-notice support in the cloud-native space, including AWS/Azure/GKE, Kubernetes, CI/CD and automation.
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@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ description: Ceph provides persistent storage to your Docker Swarm cluster, supp
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While Docker Swarm is great for keeping containers running (_and restarting those that fail_), it does nothing for persistent storage. This means if you actually want your containers to keep any data persistent across restarts (_hint: you do!_), you need to provide shared storage to every docker node.
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{ loading=lazy }
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{ loading=lazy }
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## Ingredients
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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ There are some gaps to this approach though:
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To deal with these gaps, we need a front-end load-balancer, and in this design, that role is provided by [Traefik](https://traefik.io/).
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{ loading=lazy }
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{ loading=lazy }
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!!! tip
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In 2021, this recipe was updated for Traefik v2. There's really no reason to be using Traefikv1 anymore ;)
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@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ description: Unlike competing ingresses (*cough* nginx *cough*), the beautiful T
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One of the advantages [Traefik](/kubernetes/ingress/traefik/) offers over [Nginx](/kubernetes/ingress/nginx/), is a native dashboard available in the open-source version (*Nginx+, the commercially-supported version, also includes a dashboard*).
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{ loading=lazy }
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{ loading=lazy }
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!!! summary "Ingredients"
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@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Traefik natively includes some features which Nginx lacks:
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* [x] An elegant "middleware" implementation allowing certain requests to pass through additional layers of authentication
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* [x] A beautiful dashboard
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{ loading=lazy }
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{ loading=lazy }
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!!! summary "Ingredients"
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@@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ Here are some popular options, ranked in difficulty/complexity, in vaguely ascen
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* [Local Path Provisioner](/kubernetes/persistence/local-path-provisioner/) (on k3s)
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* [TopoLVM](/kubernetes/persistence/topolvm/)
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* OpenEBS (coming soon)
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* Rook Ceph (coming soon)
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* [Rook Ceph](/kubernetes/persistence/rook-ceph/)
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* Longhorn (coming soon)
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# Rook Ceph
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---
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title: How to use Rook Ceph for Persistent Storage in Kubernetes
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description: How to deploy Rook Ceph into your Kubernetes cluster for persistent storage
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---
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Coming soon!
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# Persistent storage in Kubernetes with Rook Ceph / CephFS
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[Ceph](https://docs.ceph.com/en/quincy/) is a highly-reliable, scalable network storage platform which uses individual disks across participating nodes to provide fault-tolerant storage.
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{ loading=lazy }
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[Rook](https://rook.io) provides an operator for Ceph, decomposing the [10-year-old](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceph_(software)#Release_history), at-time-arcane, platform into cloud-native components, created declaratively, whose lifecycle is managed by an operator.
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## Rook Ceph requirements
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!!! summary "Ingredients"
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Already deployed:
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* [x] A [Kubernetes cluster](/kubernetes/cluster/)
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* [x] [Flux deployment process](/kubernetes/deployment/flux/) bootstrapped
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* [x] An [Ingress](/kubernetes/ingress/) to route incoming traffic to services
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New:
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* [ ] At least 3 nodes with dedicated disks available (*more is better*)
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## Preparation
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### Namespace
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We need a namespace to deploy our HelmRelease and associated ConfigMaps into. Per the [flux design](/kubernetes/deployment/flux/), I create this example yaml in my flux repo at `/bootstrap/namespaces/namespace-rook-system.yaml`:
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```yaml title="/bootstrap/namespaces/namespace-mastodon.yaml"
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Namespace
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metadata:
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name: rook-system
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```
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### HelmRepository
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```yaml title="/bootstrap/helmrepositories/gitepository-rook-release.yaml"
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apiVersion: source.toolkit.fluxcd.io/v1beta1
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kind: HelmRepository
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metadata:
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name: rook-release
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namespace: flux-system
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spec:
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interval: 15m
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url: https://charts.rook.io/release
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```
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@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ Recipe | Description
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Recipe | Description | Date
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------------------------|--------------|-------------
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[Mastodon][review/mastodon] | First review | _9 Aug 2022_
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[Immich][review/immich] | First review | _3 Aug 2022_
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## Subscribe to updates
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@@ -260,6 +260,9 @@ Now hit the URL you defined in your config, and you should see your beautiful ne
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Once you're done, "toot" me up by mentioning [funkypenguin@so.fnky.nz](https://so.fnky.nz/@funkypenguin) in a toot! :wave:
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!!! tip
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If your instance feels lonely, try using some [relays](https://github.com/brodi1/activitypub-relays) to bring in the federated firehose!
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## Summary
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What have we achieved? We now have a fully-swarmed Mastodon instance, ready to federate with the world! :material-mastodon:
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@@ -383,6 +383,9 @@ Now hit the URL you defined in your config, and you should see your beautiful ne
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Once you're done, "toot" me by mentioning [funkypenguin@so.fnky.nz](https://so.fnky.nz/@funkypenguin) in a toot! :wave:
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!!! tip
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If your instance feels lonely, try using some [relays](https://github.com/brodi1/activitypub-relays) to bring in the federated firehose!
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## Summary
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@@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ What you'll find here are opinions and notes about various self-hosted applicati
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App | Description | Date
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---------|----------| ---------
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[Immich][review/immich] | Google Photos replacement | 3 Aug 2022
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[Mastodon][review/mastodon] | Federated microblogging social network | 9 Aug 2022
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--8<-- "common-links.md"
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130
manuscript/review/mastodon.md
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130
manuscript/review/mastodon.md
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---
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title: Review / Mastodon - Self-hosted twitter alternative
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description: Mastodon is a globally interconnected, federated, microblogging community / social network
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upstream_version: v3.5.3
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upstream_repo: https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/
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review_latest_change: Initial review!
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---
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# Mastodon - Open Source Twitter Alternative
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| Review details | |
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| ----------- | ------------------------------------ |
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| :material-calendar-check: Last updated | *{{ git_revision_date_localized }}* |
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| :octicons-number-24: Reviewed version | *[{{ page.meta.upstream_version }}]({{ page.meta.upstream_repo }})* |
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Mastodon is a twitter-inspired, federated, microblogging community ("social network"), which anybody can partricipate in by joining a public instance, or running their own instance.
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{ loading=lazy }
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## Background
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I've been interested in running a Mastodon instance since I [read about it](https://www.theverge.com/2017/4/4/15177856/mastodon-social-network-twitter-clone) back in 2017. I gave it a try back then, but IIRC Docker support was iffy, and the way federation worked was a bit hit-and-miss (*at least, in my attempts*) I did learn a bit about "[WebFinger](https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/webfinger/)" :fingers_crossed: though, which still sounds a bit dirty! :smiling_imp:
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{ loading=lazy }
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After abandoning my dreams of hosting an instance, I kept a few accounts on mastodon.social, experimenting with cross-posting from Micro.blog, and using the native RSS feature to provide a manually-created [changelog of new recipes](/recent-changes/).
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In 2022, finding myself wanting to up my "social game" without tying myself into Twitter, I started assembling a typically geeky, over-engineered workflow to [cross-post between Mastodon and Twitter](https://crossposter.masto.donte.com.br/), and easily produce RSS feeds.
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I decided to take a fresh attempt (*5 years on*) at running [my own instance][community/mastodon], and in the process, I re-introduced myself to elements of the Mastdon experience, which I'll explain below...
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## What's notable about Mastodon?
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Here are my thoughts:
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### Technology
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1. There's a [steady cadance of ongoing new releases](https://blog.joinmastodon.org/categories/new-features/), and a dedicated [Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/user?u=619786) and [Sponsor](https://joinmastodon.org/sponsors) supporter base.
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2. There are now (*as of April 2022*) [official mobile apps](https://blog.joinmastodon.org/2022/04/official-apps-now-available-for-ios-and-android/) for iOS and Android (*there are also dozens of 3rd-party apps which have appear over the years, but some of these are no longer updated*).
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### Culture
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Community is hard, [federation can be abused to harass target users and administrators](https://wilwheaton.net/2018/08/the-world-is-a-terrible-place-right-now-and-thats-largely-because-it-is-what-we-make-it/), and community moderation is generally a thankless job.
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Social "platforms" are no longer just fun cat pictures, they're a now powerful social tool for effecting change or producing life-destroying harm, and a mature, open-source code-base is an attractive starting point[^1] for those wanting to establish[^2] their own platforms.
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Public servers tend to serve [communities](https://joinmastodon.org/communities) of a particular interest, be it art, music, gaming, etc.
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## Details
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### Docker Install
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Mastodon includes a [docker-compose](https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/blob/main/docker-compose.yml) file for deploying under Docker, but it's not a "fire-and-forget" deal, since there are some manual steps required to migrate (or instantiate) the database, setup users, secrets, etc.
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More importantly, since docker-compose will only run containers on a single host, this provides no resilience to failure, and no container orchestration like we're used to with Docker Swarm / Kubernetes.
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I've adapted the docker-compose for swarm mode, and written a recipe to [install Mastodon in Docker Swarm][mastodon].
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### Kubernetes Install
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Mastodon's repo also [includes a helm chart](https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/tree/main/chart), which makes the process of deploying to Kubernetes **much** simpler than either Docker or Docker Swarm. The chart isn't published on [ArtifactHUB](https://artifacthub.io/packages/search?ts_query_web=mastodon&sort=relevance&page=1) yet (*I hope to fix this with a PR*), which means it's hard to discover.
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There are other elements I'd like to improve about the official chart, such as the use of env variables for secrets (*these should ideally be Kubernetes secrets*), but the availability of contructs such as Jobs makes the whole deployment and setup process work.
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Here's my an opinionated guite to [installing Mastodon in Kubernetes][k8s/mastodon], which is how I've deployed my [FNKY](https://so.fnky.nz ) instance.
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### Admin UI
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You could probably browse any public instance to get a feel for the user-facing UI and options, but it's harder to get a feel for the admin backend without performing your own installation. Here's a quick video of the admin options to scratch that itch...
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<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/iDBz5HPhQl4" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
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## Alternatives
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### Twitter
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OK, obviously one is a bot-filled :robot: cesspool so scary that Elon Musk doesn't want to buy it, and the other is open-source, self-hosted, federated, and can't be censored, monetized, mined, advertised to, etc.
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Here are some other differences...
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<figure markdown>
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| Feature | :material-twitter: Twitter | :material-mastodon: Mastodon | Notes
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| ----- | ----------- | ------------------------------------ | ----- |
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| :octicons-comment-16: A post is.. | a "tweet" | a "toot" :material-thought-bubble-outline: | yes, really! |
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| :material-comment-multiple-outline: Sharing a post.. | retweeting | boosting | no, not "retooting"! |
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| :material-link: Links count as | 9 chars | 23 chars | Regardless of length of URL |
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| :material-counter: Character limit | 280 | 500 | |
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| :octicons-video-24: Media | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | video/audio/images work as you'd expect
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| :material-poll: Polls | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | yes, polls too |
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| :material-sunglasses: Privacy | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | you can hide your toots! |
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| :octicons-comment-discussion-16: Threads | :white_check_mark: | :white_check_mark: | like [this](https://so.fnky.nz/web/@funkypenguin/108790252118210551)|
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| :material-sticker-emoji: Custom emoji | :x: | :white_check_mark: | like Discord, you can define custom emoji for your community |
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| :material-rss: RSS feed | :x: | :white_check_mark: | like [this](https://so.fnky.nz/web/@funkypenguin.rss) |
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| :bikini: Content warnings | :x: | :white_check_mark: | hide NSFW content, spoilers, etc |
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| :material-police-badge: Moderation | TWTR | per-instance | |
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<figcaption>Mastodon vs Twitter</figcaption>
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</figure>
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**Conclusion**: Although the primary differentiator is centralized "Big Tech" vs federated open-source, there are some feature advantages (*and some quirks!*) to Mastodon vs Twitter :thumbsup:
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## Summary
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### TL;DR
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If you..
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* Just like the tech..
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* Want to "*stick it to the man*"..
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* Find the concept of an isolated, themed social community attractive...
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.. Then join one of the thousands of [available instances](https://joinmastodon.org/communities).
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If you additionally:
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* Prefer to self-host your own tools..
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* Want an instance to share with your community...
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.. Then install your own instance in [Docker][mastodon] or [Kubernetes][k8s/mastodon]!
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I want to "own" my content[^3], and I want to invest in the [Geek Cookbook community](/community/), so I chose my own instance.
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Whichever path you take into the "fediverse", [toot me up](https://so.fnky.nz/@funkypenguin) when you get here!
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--8<-- "review-footer.md"
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[^1]: https://blog.joinmastodon.org/2019/07/statement-on-gabs-fork-of-mastodon/
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[^2]: https://blog.joinmastodon.org/2021/10/trumps-new-social-media-platform-found-using-mastodon-code/
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[^3]: I'll continue to cross-post from Mastodon to Twitter though, for visibility and engagement
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@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ nav:
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- kubernetes/persistence/index.md
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- Local Path Provisioner: kubernetes/persistence/local-path-provisioner.md
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- TopoLVM: kubernetes/persistence/topolvm.md
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# - Rook Ceph: kubernetes/persistence/rook-ceph.md
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# - OpenEBS: kubernetes/persistence/openebs.md
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# - Rook Ceph: kubernetes/persistence/rook-ceph.md
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# - LongHorn: kubernetes/persistence/longhorn.md
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# - Backup:
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# - kubernetes/backup/index.md
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@@ -243,7 +243,8 @@ nav:
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# - Kubernetes: premix/kubernetes.md
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- ☑️ Reviews:
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- review/index.md
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- Immich: review/immich.md
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- Immich: review/immich.md
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- Mastodon: review/mastodon.md
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- CHANGELOG: recent-changes.md
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- Support: support.md
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- Contribute: community/contribute.md
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user